The Fifth Amendment creates a number of rights relevant to both criminal and civil legal proceedings. In criminal cases , the Fifth Amendment guarantees the right to a grand jury , forbids “ double jeopardy ,” and protects against self-incrimination . It also requires that “ due process of law ” be part of any proceeding that denies a citizen “life, liberty or property” and requires the government to compensate citizens when it takes private property for public use.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.