Data Collection, Presentation and Analysis

This chapter covers the topics of data collection, data presentation and data analysis. It gives attention to data collection for studies based on experiments, on data derived from existing published or unpublished data sets, on observation, on simulation and digital twins, on surveys, on interviews and on focus group discussions. One of the interesting features of this chapter is the section dealing with using measurement scales in quantitative research, including nominal scales, ordinal scales, interval scales and ratio scales. It explains key facets of qualitative research including ethical clearance requirements. The chapter discusses the importance of data visualization as key to effective presentation of data, including tabular forms, graphical forms and visual charts such as those generated by Atlas.ti analytical software.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

1. Centre for Cybersecurity Studies, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria Uche M. Mbanaso
2. LINK Centre, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Lucienne Abrahams
3. Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria Kennedy Chinedu Okafor

1. Uche M. Mbanaso